infile = 'md0x.md' with open(infile,'r') as fin: for line in fin: print('----------------------------') print(f'length of line: {len(line)}') line = line.strip().strip('\n') print(f'length of line: {len(line)} (stripped)') print('12345678901234567890') print(line) rline = rf'{line}' print(f'length of rline: {len(rline)} (f string)') print('12345678901234567890') print(rline) rrline = '{x}'.format(x=line) print(f'length of rrline: {len(rrline)} (.format())') print('12345678901234567890') print(rrline) rrrline = repr(line) print(f'length of rrrline: {len(rrrline)} (repr())') print('12345678901234567890') print(rrrline)